Right option is (c) Effect of hydrophobic support on pH activity profile of immobilized enzymes
The explanation is: The above diagram represents the effect of hydrophobic support on pH activity profile of immobilized enzymes. The dashed red line represents enzyme immobilized on a hydrophobic support. Hydrophobic interactions involve an ordered arrangement of water molecules at the approach of hydrophobic surfaces. These interactions reduce the dielectric constants, in-turn affecting the Km of immobilized enzyme. The effective decrease in dielectric constants for the micro-environment reduces the dissociations of charged groups increasing pKa of some other groups. Lastly, even the particular immobilization supports will also affect the partition co-efficient and thus affecting the kinetics of the enzyme.