Statement 1: Difference between 1-1 and 1-2 heat exchanger is that 1-2 has both counter AND co current, whereas 1-1 has only co-current. Statement 2: 1-2 heat exchanger requires a high pressure drop.

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Statement 1: Scraping improves heat transfer co-efficient by 5 times in case of non-Newtonian fluids. Statement 2: In food industry, major physical changes to food items when they’re processed, take place like transformation from Newtonian to Non-Newtonian fluids. Hence, scraped surface heat exchangers are very beneficial.

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Statement 1: Duhring’s rule states that the ratio of temperatures at which two solutions have the same vapor pressure is constant. Statement 2: Duhring’s rule states that the boiling point of a solution is a linear function of the boiling point of pure water at the same pressure.

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Statement 1: In a multiple effect evaporator, the overall temperature drop is equal to the individual drops at each step. Statement 2: In a multiple effect evaporator, the total area is equal to the sum of the individual areas.

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Statement 1: Evaporation is considered a mass and heat transfer operation. Statement 2: After evaporation, solids are left behind.

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Statement 1: Concentration is a product of diffusivity and solubility. Statement 2: Permeability coefficient in case of food packaging can be written as product of partial pressure and solubility using Henry’s law.

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Statement 1: In a rising film evaporator, the feed can be very viscous. Statement 2: In a rising film evaporator, the feed cannot be heat sensitive.

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In a rising film evaporator, the temperature difference need not be as high as that in a falling film evaporator.

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Statement 1: The factor F0 shows the microbial safety in the food item at the coldest point. Statement 2: F0 takes the time-temperature data at that particular point and compares conventional heating to microwave heating.

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Statement 1: Cabinet tray dyers can be used for heat sensitive materials. Statement 2: Bin dryer is used for materials which follow the falling rate drying curve.

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Statement 1: Penetration theory states that mass transfer coefficient is directly proportional to diffusivity coefficient which was later proved wrong. Statement 2: Penetration theory states that mass transfer is based on unsteady mass transfer.

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Statement 1: In film theory, mass transfer coefficient is proportional to D^1/2 Statement 2: Penetration theory states that all elements are exposed at the same time which is unrealistic.

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Statement 1: Which tray dryer has indirect heating? Statement 2: Which tray dryer is good for making powders?

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Statement 1: Boiling point rise is due to the colligative properties due to the presence of solid particles in the solvent. Statement 2: Boiling point rise is due to the increase in pressure at the bottom of the solvent due to hydro-static head of the column.

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Statement 1: Drying is used for preservation of food. Statement 2: Convective drying is indirect drying and conductive drying is direct drying.

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Statement 1: Resistance is inversely proportional to the inter-facial area. Statement 2: The inter-facial area of a body is the area of the dispersed phase in a unit volume of the vessel.

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Statement 1: Microwave heating helps save electricity. Statement 2: The quality of product in microwave heating is good hence rejections are lesser.

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