The correct choice is (b) Bacterial activity
To elaborate: The hollow rhizomes of the reeds that grow from the growth nodes, generate a hydraulic pathway thereby treating sewage using the colonized rhizosphere bacteria and rhizomes in the root tips, hence, it uses bacterial activity and Precipitation and Sedimentation is the general method by which the particles sediments at the bottom or precipitation by which particles precipitates, Flocculation is a process in which colloids get suspended in the form of flocs.