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During the primary drying phase in freeze drying, What is necessary to calculate amount of heat required?

(a) By using latent heat of sublimation

(b) By using latent heat of vapourization

(c) By using enthaply

(d) By using specific heat

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Question is from Freeze Drying topic in portion Drying of Food Processing Unit Operations

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Correct choice is (a) By using latent heat of sublimation

The explanation: During the primary drying phase in freeze drying, the pressure is lowered and heat is given to the product for the ice sublimation. The amount of heat necessary is calculated using the latent heat of sublimation of the sublimating molecules.

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