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What is the principle of absorption spectroscopy?

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in Food Processing Unit Operations by (110k points)
What is the principle of absorption spectroscopy?

(a) Bound atoms in the ground state can absorb light of a certain wavelength

(b) Free atoms in the ground state can absorb light of a certain wavelength

(c) Bound atoms in the excited state can absorb light of a certain wavelength

(d) Free atoms in the ground state can absorb radiation energy of a certain wavelength

I got this question in an online quiz.

The query is from Absorption Principles in chapter Absorption of Food Processing Unit Operations

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The correct choice is (b) Free atoms in the ground state can absorb light of a certain wavelength

The best I can explain: Absorption spectroscopy is based upon the principle that free atoms in the ground state can absorb light of a certain wavelength. Absorption is specificfor each element, and thus, no other elements can absorb this wavelength.

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