The correct option is (a) Hmax = f / (Sc + 1) γw
The explanation: The critical height or limiting height of a dam having elementary profile is –
Hmax = f / (Sc + 1) γw where f = allowable stress of the dam material, Sc = Specific gravity of concrete and γw = unit weight of water.
This limiting height draws a dividing line between a low gravity dam and a high gravity dam.