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What is the principle of supersaturation in vapor phase?

(a) Poynting effect

(b) Gibbs–Thomson effect and Poynting effect

(c) Kelvin equation and Gibbs–Thomson effect

(d) Kelvin equation, Gibbs–Thomson effect and Poynting effect

This question was posed to me in semester exam.

I want to ask this question from Crystallization topic in chapter Crystallization of Food Processing Unit Operations

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Right answer is (d) Kelvin equation, Gibbs–Thomson effect and Poynting effect

The explanation is: The supersaturation in vapor phase is based on the surface tension of liquids through Kelvin equation, Gibbs–Thomson effect and Poynting effect.

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