Statement 1: Drying is used for preservation of food. Statement 2: Convective drying is indirect drying and conductive drying is direct drying.

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Statement 1: Removing of moisture content for grains in the food industry follows the thin layer model of drying bed. Statement 2: The model for removing moisture from grains is computerized to find out the exact amount of time of exposure of grains for the removal of moisture.

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Statement 1: Vibro-fluidized bed dryer can reduce the air flow rate consumptions as air is only used for drying and not for fluidizing. Statement 2: _____ are often called desolventizers.

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Statement 1: Which tray dryer has indirect heating? Statement 2: Which tray dryer is good for making powders?

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Statement 1: In microwave heating, heat is not applied to the food item. Statement 2: Radiation doesn’t gives even drying whereas microwave heating does.

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Statement 1: Cabinet tray dyers can be used for heat sensitive materials. Statement 2: Bin dryer is used for materials which follow the falling rate drying curve.

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Statement 1: Diffusion is faster than convective mass transfer. Statement 2: Mass transfer is proportional to the area of contact.

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Statement 1: Concentration is a product of diffusivity and solubility. Statement 2: Permeability coefficient in case of food packaging can be written as product of partial pressure and solubility using Henry’s law.

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Statement 1: The factor F0 shows the microbial safety in the food item at the coldest point. Statement 2: F0 takes the time-temperature data at that particular point and compares conventional heating to microwave heating.

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Statement 1: Generally, in small scaled jacketed pans, food products like jams, sauces etc are made. Statement 2: Baffles provide structural support to tubes, but they cannot prevent channeling.

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Statement 1: Scraping improves heat transfer co-efficient by 5 times in case of non-Newtonian fluids. Statement 2: In food industry, major physical changes to food items when they’re processed, take place like transformation from Newtonian to Non-Newtonian fluids. Hence, scraped surface heat exchangers are very beneficial.

asked Jan 30, 2022 in Food Engineering by Amelia (93.8k points)

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Although microwave heating can be used for drying of food containing uneven water content, it is isn’t done for certain food products like garlic. Why?

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Statement 1: Plate heat exchangers are used in heat sensitive foods like milk. Statement 2: Principle behind plate heat exchangers is that there is very less space between the plates and hence quick heating can take place.

asked Jan 30, 2022 in Food Engineering by Amelia (93.8k points)

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Statement 1: Cabinet tray dryers are used for storing grains. Statement 2: Cabinet tray dryers are used for low cost foods.

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Statement 1: Scraped surface evaporators are used in the dairy industry. Statement 2: Plate evaporators can be used for viscous liquids.

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Statement 1: A phase boundary exists between alcohol and oxygen. Statement 2: Phase boundary varies with agitation. It is inversely proportional to the amount of agitation provided.

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Statement 1: Difference between 1-1 and 1-2 heat exchanger is that 1-2 has both counter AND co current, whereas 1-1 has only co-current. Statement 2: 1-2 heat exchanger requires a high pressure drop.

asked Jan 30, 2022 in Food Engineering by Amelia (93.8k points)

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Statement 1: Evaporation is considered a mass and heat transfer operation. Statement 2: After evaporation, solids are left behind.

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Statement 1: In coiled heat exchanger, the coils can be present inside and outside the vessel. Statement 2: The coils can have either hot/cold fluid present inside them or even electrical coils can be present.

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Statement 1: Forward feeding requires pumps for the feed at every step. Statement 2: In a backward feeding arrangement, the most concentrated feed is exposed to the maximum steam in order to remove heat. This is its advantage.

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Statement 1: Horizontal tube evaporator is easy for cleaning. Statement 2: Horizontal tube evaporator has a disadvantage of hindering agitation of the feed.

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Statement 1: In a multiple effect evaporator, the overall temperature drop is equal to the individual drops at each step. Statement 2: In a multiple effect evaporator, the total area is equal to the sum of the individual areas.

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Statement 1: Penetration theory states that mass transfer coefficient is directly proportional to diffusivity coefficient which was later proved wrong. Statement 2: Penetration theory states that mass transfer is based on unsteady mass transfer.

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Statement 1: Microwave heating helps save electricity. Statement 2: The quality of product in microwave heating is good hence rejections are lesser.

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Statement 1: Duhring’s rule states that the ratio of temperatures at which two solutions have the same vapor pressure is constant. Statement 2: Duhring’s rule states that the boiling point of a solution is a linear function of the boiling point of pure water at the same pressure.

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Statement 1: In film theory, mass transfer coefficient is proportional to D^1/2 Statement 2: Penetration theory states that all elements are exposed at the same time which is unrealistic.

asked Jan 30, 2022 in Food Engineering by Amelia (93.8k points)

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