Statement 1: α=k/(ρCp) Statement 2: α stands for thermal conductivity.

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Statement 1: NPr= (Cp μ)/k Statement 2: If NPr is lesser than 1, Thermal Boundary layer is thinner than Hydrodynamic Boundary layer.

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Statement 1: Radiation needs a medium to travel. Statement 2: Thermal radiation takes place at a certain temperature for every body.

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Statement 1: hd/k is _____ Statement 2: _____ is the ratio of convective heat transfer to conductive heat transfer.

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NFo= (αtT)/s^2. Here ‘s’ stands for half slab thickness. Based on this data, ‘s’ for a chapatti/ dosa will be _____

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Statement 1: Unsteady state heat transfer equation can be used when there is negligible internal resistance. Statement 2: Unsteady state heat transfer equation can be used for liquid food items which are well stirred, because, temperature gradient within won’t be there.

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Statement 1: Radiation dryers are used to dry grains and reduce their moisture content before storage. Statement 2: Baking ovens are used both for making the dough and after that’s made, making biscuits by cutting them and baking them further. This entire process uses radiation.

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Statement 1: Radiation is the transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves. Statement 2: When heat is radiated from a hot source, the amount of heat received by the body depends on the nature of the body.

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Statement 1: In nusselt’s film theory, velocity of the falling film is not affected by the velocity of the vapors. Statement 2: LMTD can be used provided the overall heat transfer co-efficient is constant over a large range of temperatures.

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Statement 1: Film-type condensation has a higher heat transfer co-efficient than drop-wise condensation. Statement 2: Drop-wise condensation is easier to maintain than Film-type condensation

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Statement 1: When the average radius gives an error, log mean radius is used. Statement 2: Log mean radius is given by r^L= ( r^0– r^i )/(ln(r^0/r^i))

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Statement 1: NPr= (Cpm)/kl Statement 2: Stanton number is a product of NRe and NPr.

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Statement 1: Sieder-Tate and Dittus-boelter equations imply only to laminar flow conditions. Statement 2: Under laminar conditions, the same equation applies both to Newtonian and Non-Newtonian fluids.

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Statement 1: Radiation is NOT heat. Statement 2: Maximum value of absorptivity is 1.

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Statement 1: Drop-wise condensation takes place on a smooth surface. Statement 2: All the resistance to heat transfer lies in the film formed during Film-type condensation.

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Statement 1: When heat transfer takes between a solid surface and a fluid, an insulating film layer is formed. More is the agitation; more is the thickness of the film. Statement 2: Within the film, the temperature varies from the wall to the temperature of the bulk.

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Statement 1: Nucleate Boiling is when a layer of film is formed in the beginning. Statement 2: Boiling starts with the bottom layer which heats up, becomes light and goes up. That way everything becomes hot and there is not temperature difference and hence no heat transfer.

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Statement 1: G is known as the mass flux and it is the product of density and velocity. Statement 2: Grashof number is associated with forced convection.

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For a copper pipe, k = 0.3534, temperature difference = 60, B = 0.0125 and A = 850. What is the value of q?

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Find heat transfer in an agitated jacketed vessel if NRei is 1.5 * 105 and NPr is 20.

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Фv is generally taken as 1 in food processing as generally very high wall temperatures aren’t reached and hence (µ/µw) * 0.14 is 1 as there isn’t much difference in µ and µw.

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Dittus-boelter equation is applicable for fluids with phase change.

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_____ is the equation for unsteady state heat conduction through solid materials.

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Why is better to use a Jacketed vessel in the dairy industry than a stainless steel container directly?

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